Diagnosis:
-ADHD is the most common physiocratic disorder in children.
-Its prevalence is 5-11% in school-aged children
-It often presents with a classic triad of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
– However, it can present as mixed, or primarily inattentive or hyperactive
-Symptoms must include at least 6 signs of inattention and/or six signs of hyperactivity/impulsivity for 6 months.
-For patients 17 years and older on 5 symptoms are required
Symptoms of inattention include:
-failure to pay close attention
-difficulty sustaining attention on tasks or activities
-failure to listen when spoken to
-difficulty organizing tasks
-avoidance of activities that require mental effort
-losing things necessary for tasks or activities
-distractibility and forgetfulness in daily activities
Symptoms of hyperactivity:
-fidgeting with hands or feet
-inability to sit still
-running around when not appropriate
-difficulty engaging quietly in activities
-feeling on the go or driven by a motor
-talking excessively
Symptoms of Impulsivity:
-answering questions before they are completely asked
-having trouble waiting ones turn
-interrupting others
The pattern of behavior must be more severe and occur more often than in other children of the same age. The symptoms of the disorder must be present before the age of 12 years. The diagnosis can be made after 12 years of age but there must be evidence of symptoms before the age of 12. The last important point is the symptoms must occur in two different settings (e.g., home and school).
Many patients may be familiar with screening scales like the Vanderbilt or Conners which can be used to help confirm the diagnosis usually one is completed by the parent the other by a teacher.
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